Soil-pulverizer.



Patented Sept. 25, |900,

J.` D. PERRY; SIL PULVERIZEH. (Appleation tiled. May 26, 1899.)

a sheets-sneek l.

(H0 Model.)

L l l 1 v Am l No. 658,462. Patentedfept. 25, |900. J. D. PERRY.

SOIL PULVERIZER.y

' (Application led May 26, 1899.)

3 Sheets-#Sheet 2 (No Model.)

JMJ

No. 658,462. Patented sept. 25, |900. .1. n. PERRY.

S0|L PULVERIZER.

(Application med may 2e, 1899.) (Nb Modal.) 3 Sheets-Sheet- 3.

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ATES

JUDSON I). PERRY, OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN.

solL-PuLvERlzER.

SPECIFICATION forming part'of Letters Patent No. 658,462, dated September 25, 1900.

Application filed May Z6, 1899. Serial No. 718,354. (No model.)

Al'o all whom it may concern:

Beitknown that I, JUDSOND. PERRY, a citizen of the United States, residing at Detroit, in the county of Wayne and State of Michigan, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Soil-Pulverizers, of which the following is a speciiication, reference being had therein to the accompanying drawings.

The invention consists in a soil-pulverizer comprising a frame and shoveling or spading cutters which are so driven as to cut and spade the soil in small spadefuls to thoroughly disintegrate it and pulverize it, as more fully hereinafter described.

The invention further consists in the construction of the various parts and in the combinations hereinafter set forth, and specifically pointed out in the claims.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a plan View of a machine embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is a side elevation thereof with one of the wheels removed. Fig. 3 is a perspective view of my improved machine. Fig. 4 is a longitudinal section of the gear-case. Fig. 5 is a plan view of the gear-case with the top removed, showing the gears and shafting. Fig. 6 is a diagram elevation illustrating themanner of forming cutters. Fig. 7 is an enlarged plan view of one of the cutters complete, and Fig. 8 is a diagram elevation illustrating the mannerof operation of the shoveling or spading cutters in the ground.

A represents the ground-wheels, which are journaled on the ends of the shaft B, which forms the axle, and they are adapted to be connected therewith in the forward movement of the wheels by the ordinary ratchet-and-pawl device, which I do not deem it necessary to illustrate here. Surrounding the shaft B is a housing C, which extends from side to side of the machine and has a central gear-case D formed therein. The gear-case has the rearward extension E, in which is journaled the shaft'F, carrying at opposite ends the pinions G G. The pinion G meshes with the bevel gear-wheel H, secured to the shaft B, and the pinion G' meshes with the bevel gearwheel II', secured to the shaft I, which is the cutter-shaft. The pinion G and the gearwheel H are in a gear-case J, formed by an enlargement of the extension E. The shaft I has secured to it at suitable intervals the disks K, which form the shoveling or spading cutters. These cutters I preferably form of sheet-metal disks, having the teeth L and the laterally-projecting spades L. These teeth and spades I preferably form from a single disk, as shown in Fig. 6, first by cutting out the portions a, around the edge of the diskl and then bending the sections b at an angle to the disk upon the'line c. rIfhis forms the inclined teeth with spading-cutters on the sides. The spade and teeth come into a common point, so as to more readily enter the ground. The spades are preferably arranged upon opposite sides of alternate teeth, so that a single disk or cutter will cut through the earth a width equal to the pair of such spades, as plainly shown in Figs. l and 7. These cutters are preferably so arranged upon the shaft as to be close enough together to pulverize or disintegrate the soil the entire length of the shaft I, if this is desired. The

housing C has upon each side the downwardly and rearwardly extending arm M. To this is pivotally connected the forwardly-aid upwardly curved arm O, which arms are connected to the pole P. The angle atl which the rearward extension M extends -is determined by means of a lever Q, journaled on a forward part of the gear-case and having a curved arm R, engaging a roller R on the underside of the tongue with 'a locking-latch S, adapted to engage the curved segment T, which is pivoted to the forward edge of the housing C, as plainly shown in Figs. l and 2.

The draft connection between the pole and the machine formed by the arms O, I preferably make as follows: The arm O, I make of two metal kbars-cl d', secured together and spaced apart a slight distance, and at the forward end I bend the bar d at e e' and extend the end thereof beside the pole, these bends being substantially right-angle bends, while the bar d I bend at ff and extend its end parallel with theend of the bard, as plainly l shown ,in Fig. l. This forms a braced connection from the end of the bar O to the pole upon opposite sides thereof, which makes a very light and rigid construction.

In the operation of the machine as the device is drawn forwa-rd by the horses the wheels impart a rotary motion to theshaft B, and through the gearing described the shaft I is likewise rotated in a direction opposite to the rotation of the wheels. The driver lowers the cutters into the ground from a position shown in dot-ted lines in Fig. 2 to a position shown in full lines therein, and the lower portions of the cutters move forward, and the earth is cut both by the vertical disks and by the spades which project laterally therefrom. rIhe spades not only cut through the earth at an angle to the disk, but also carry the earth upward with them and will throw it through the air and deliver it upon the surface and in rear of the cutters. This thoroughly spades and pulverizers the soil besides cutting off any roots or other growths which they may encounter.

The action of the cutter in the soil is illustrated in diagram in Fig. 8, from which it will be seen that each tooth enters the earth in such a way that it cuts a narrow strip upward at the edge of a furrow. I prefer to arrange the teeth substantially at the angle and in the manner shown in the drawings, because the forward draft of the device when the teeth are thus arranged tends to draw the teeth into the soil substantially in the direction of their length, thus entering the soil more readily and enabling me to produce more work with the same power.

While I prefer to have the working portion of the cutters-that is, that part which enters the ground-move forwardly, Ido not deem that this is essential in all forms of my invention, so long as I get the actual spading eiiect diiferent from simply the effect obtained by disk harrows, which are turned in the ground-at a speed due only to their travel upon the ground. My device diers from such disk harrows in that it positivelyspades the earth and picks it up substantially in the "unanner the earth is spaded by a spade operated by a man, except that in addition to the spading eiect the soil is finely pulverized and cnt into minute parts. In addition to this in the ordinary use of the machine as I here show it the earth is thrown through the air over the top of the cutters and thrown forcibly upon the ground,thoroughly turning it over, subjecting it to the action of the-air, and loosening it up and tilling it,to an extent even greater than the combined action'of a plow and harrow, I find that with the tool thus described with a single team of horses I am able to use a cutter-shaft seven feet in length and to cut a furrow four inches deep in ordinary soil, which result I believe is produced bythe action of the number of spading-cutters, each doing but a small part of the work and cutting with the least possible resistance because of themanner of working the soil in themanner as I have before de- .l

the soil and pulverize it, the functionbeing that of a plow and a cultivator combined, and so far as I know I am the first to employ, in a tilling-machine, any kind of a cutter which by a continuous 'forward-and-upward movement of a spade or spades through the soil will spade and pulveriz'e the soil as set forth.

What I claim asmy invention is-' l. In a soil-pulverizer comprising a frame,

and a driven rotating cutter, of spades thereon comprising a pointed `angle-shaped blade, the members thereof extending in vertical and transverse planes, the vertical portions being in front of the transverse portions in the spading operations.

2. In a soil-pulverizer, a pulverizing-blade comprising a disk having a peripheral cutting edge, spades on the sides of the disk and means for driving the disks so that their cutting portions move forwardly `and upwardly in the soil for cutting a continuous furrow. I

3. In a soil-pulverizera driven pulverizingblade comprising a toothed disk, and spading-teeth extending out from the side of the disk, for spading a continuous furrow.,` p

4:. In a soilpulverizer,a driven pulverizingblade comprising a disk, teeth formedon the edge thereof, and lateral spades formed by turning the intermediate sections of the disk at an angle to the plane of the disk.`

5. In a soil-pulverizena driven pulverizingblade comprisinga disk, pointed teeth formed ing-blades on the rear cutting edge of "each tooth.

6. The `combination of the wheeled axle, the housing pivoted thereon, a cuttersup,-

von the edgethereof and pointed lateral spady ported at the rear end of the housing," the arms M extendingTA downwardly "and rearwardly fromthe housing, draft connection attached to these arms, an adjustableconnection between the housing .andv the draft connection and a locking connection between such adjusting connection and the housing." i 7. -In a soil-pulverizer, the combination of i the wheeled frame, a housing thereon,.the

rearward extensionthereof, a transverse shaft journaled in the outer end of the extension, a series of disks secured to said shafts, a series of spading-cutters on the disks anda i draft connection between the wheeled axle and the shaft, in the housing.

8. In a pulverizer and cutter comprisinga" disk hav-ing' a series of inclined teeth formed 'on the periphery,and Spalding-cutters formed by portions of the interdental material turned at an angle to the teeth.

9. A cutter for a soil-pulverizer comprising a circular disk of sheet metal, a. series of pointed teeth formed on the edge thereof, a series of spades or shovels formed by bending the interdental material of alternate teeth upon opposite sides of the disk. 16 In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two Witnesses.

JUDSON D. PERRY.

Witnesses:

JAMES WHITTEMORE,

M. B. ODOGHERTY. 

